EVO plus zero-valent iron
SRS®-ZVI Products
Shear-thinning emulsion of sulfidated micro-scale zero-valent iron in SRS® emulsified vegetable oil, in 4, 44 and 125 µm particle sizes, for combined biotic and abiotic treatment of chlorinated solvents and DNAPL.
SRS®-ZVI combines Terra Systems' patented SRS® emulsified vegetable oil substrate with sulfidated zero-valent iron and is added to groundwater at complex, high-concentration sites to generate reducing conditions quickly while supporting long-term biological treatment. A proprietary shear-thinning agent thins the emulsion under injection pressure for ease of placement and improved radius of influence.
ZVI reacts directly with chlorinated compounds, nitrate and oxidized metals like hexavalent chromium, typically with little daughter-product formation. The smaller the particle, the easier and farther it distributes; the larger the particle, the more ZVI it can carry per batch at lower cost.
At a glance
Three particle sizes
4 µm for maximum distribution, 44 µm and 125 µm for higher ZVI loadings at lower cost.
Dual pathway
Abiotic reduction from the iron plus sustained biological treatment from the EVO.
01 Products
Products and data sheets.
Each product has its own technical data sheet and safety data sheet. Where a sheet is being revised, request it from our team. Every product ships in a 330-gallon IBC tote (250-gallon fill).
| Product | Description | Options | Documents |
|---|---|---|---|
| SRS®-ZVI (4 µm)4 µm sulfidated ZVI | Patented, injection-ready emulsified vegetable oil substrate with 4 µm sulfidated micro-scale zero-valent iron (ZVI) and a shear-thinning agent that maintains ZVI suspension and lowers viscosity under injection. Available with 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% ZVI. | Available with 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% ZVI | TDSSDS |
| SRS®-ZVI (44 µm)44 µm sulfidated ZVI | Patented, injection-ready EVO substrate with 44 µm sulfidated micro-scale zero-valent iron (ZVI) and a shear-thinning agent to maintain suspension and reduce viscosity. Direct-push injection only. Available with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 40% ZVI. | Available with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, or 40% ZVI | TDSSDS |
| SRS®-ZVI (125 µm)125 µm sulfidated ZVI | Patented, injection-ready EVO substrate with 125 µm sulfidated micro-scale zero-valent iron (ZVI) and a shear-thinning agent to maintain ZVI suspension and reduce viscosity under injection. Available with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 40% ZVI. | Available with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, or 40% ZVI | TDSSDS |
02 Site suitability
Which product suits your site.
Conditions each product is suited to, from Terra Systems' product selection questionnaire. For a site-specific recommendation, send us your site data.
| Site condition | SRS®-ZVI (4 µm) | SRS®-ZVI (44 µm) | SRS®-ZVI (125 µm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Distribution | Moderate distribution | Moderate distribution | Limited distribution |
| Injection method | |||
| Direct push | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Injection well | Suitable | Not listed | Not listed |
| Hydraulic fracturing | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Groundwater flow rate (ft/day) | |||
| < 0.1 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| 0.1 – 0.5 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| > 0.5 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Geology | |||
| Silts and clays | Suitable | Suitable | Not listed |
| Fine sand | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Medium sand | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Sands and gravels | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Fractured bedrock | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Contaminant concentration (mg/L) | |||
| < 0.1 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| 0.1 – 10 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| > 10 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Treatment volume (ft³) | |||
| < 50,000 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| 50,000 – 250,000 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| > 250,000 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| Distance to water body or receptor (ft) | |||
| < 500 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| 500 – 2,500 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
| > 2,500 | Suitable | Suitable | Suitable |
Marked conditions are suitable for that product. A dash means the condition is not listed for it.
03 Related resources
Case studies, papers and manuals.
- Combined EVO and ZVI for Enhanced Remediation of Chlorinated SolventsPresentation · 2021
- ZVI and SRS®-Z Columns with Sulfidation for Treatment of VOCs and Hexavalent Chromium (PDF)Technical paper · 2021 · Terra Systems, Inc.
- A Non-Traditional Technology to Reduce Nitrogen Flux and Meet Estuary Nitrogen TMDLs (PDF)Technical paper · 2024 · Prepared for the Southeast New England Program (SNEP)
- Introduction to Harmful Algal Blooms & An In-Situ Treatment Strategy (PDF)Presentation · 2023 · Enviro Class webinar, December 2023
- Permeable Reactive Barriers for Removal of Nitrate from Groundwater Through Injection of Emulsified Vegetable Oil: Engineering Design Manual (PDF)Design manual · 2023 · Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution / ISOTEC / Terra Systems, Inc., prepared for the Southeast New England Program (SNEP)
- Optimizing Injection Strategies and In Situ Remediation Performance (PDF)Design manual · 2020 · Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council (ITRC)
04 Contact
Get a recommendation for your site.
Send us the contaminants, the concentrations and the site conditions. Your question is routed to the right chemist or engineer; you do not have to work out who that is first.